Movies of Bacteriorhodopsin (bR)

The movies are in the format of QuickTimes (*.mov)

Movie1 : Nature Nanotech. 5, 208 - 212 (2010)

High-speed AFM movie of the cytoplasmic surface of D96N bR at pH 7 during dark-illumination cycles. The purple membranes containing the D96N bR mutant were adsorbed onto a mica surface in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7) and 300 mM KCl. Frame rate: 1 fps; pixel size: 150×150 pixels. The green bars shown in the AFM movie indicate green-light illumination. A bR trimer is highlighted by the white triangle at the first frame. This movie is played at ×10 speed.

Movie2 : Nature Nanotech. 5, 208 - 212 (2010)

High-speed AFM movie of the cytoplasmic surface of WT bR at pH 7 during dark-illumination cycles. The purple membranes containing WT bR were adsorbed onto a mica surface in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7) and 300 mM KCl. Frame rate: 1 fps; pixel size: 150×150 pixels. The green bars shown in the AFM movie indicate light illumination. A bR trimer is highlighted by the white triangle at the first frame. This movie is played at ×10 speed.

Movie3 : Nature Nanotech. 5, 208 - 212 (2010)

High-speed AFM movie of the cytoplasmic surface of WT bR at pH 10 during dark-illumination cycles. The purple membranes containing WT bR were adsorbed onto a mica surface in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 10) and 300 mM KCl. Frame rate: 1 fps; pixel size: 150×150 pixels. The green bar shown in the AFM movie indicates light illumination. A bR trimer is highlighted by the white triangle at the first frame. This movie is played at ×10 speed.

Movie4 : Nature Nanotech. 5, 208 - 212 (2010)

High-speed AFM movie of the cytoplasmic surface of D96N bR at pH 7 with increasing light intensity. The purple membranes containing D96N bR were adsorbed onto a mica surface in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7) and 300 mM KCl. Frame rate: 1 fps; pixel size: 200×200 pixels. While imaging, the light intensity was gradually increased in eight steps. The green bars indicate the illumination periods, and their shade level indicates the relative light intensity. A bR trimer is highlighted by the white triangle at the first frame. This movie is played at ×10 speed.

Movie5 : Nature Nanotech. 5, 208 - 212 (2010)

High-speed AFM movie of the extracellular surface of D96N bR at pH 7 during dark-illumination cycles. The purple membranes containing D96N bR were adsorbed onto a mica surface in 10 mM Tris-HCl (pH 7) and 300 mM KCl. Frame rate: 1 fps; pixel size: 200×200 pixels. The green bars shown in the AFM movie indicate light illumination. A bR trimer is highlighted by the white triangle at the first frame. This movie is played at ×10 speed.

Movie6  J. Struct. Biol. 167: 153-158 (2009).  

HS-AFM movie of the crystal edge of a purple membrane captured at an imaging rate of 3.3 frames/sec and scan range of 50×50 nm². It is played at double the capture speed. This movie shows bR trimers binding to and dissociating from the crystal edge.